Common Defects in Sand Casting Products

Common Defects:

1. Porosity: Internal or surface voids that reduce strength and toughness.

2. Inclusions: Non-metallic inclusions that disrupt continuity and decrease strength.

3. Shrinkage Cavities: Protrusions formed during solidification due to thermal contraction, affecting mechanical properties.

4. Cold Shuts and Misruns: Partially unfilled or unfused seams that compromise integrity and continuity.

5. Sand Adhesion and Sand Holes: Surface adhesion of sand particles or internal voids filled with sand, impacting appearance and performance.

Key Considerations:

1. Raw Materials: Ensure quality and avoid impurities and gases.

2. Process Optimization: Design a reasonable gating system to ensure adequate filling and venting.

3. Mold and Core Preparation: Ensure dryness, compactness, and permeability of sand molds and cores, with enhanced inspection.

4. Quality Control: Strengthen raw material inspection, process monitoring, and casting quality testing.